BCIA Continuing Education Posts

This study makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the effects of neurofeedback on ADHD-related brain activity.

Alternating respiration patterns can significantly enhance functional communication between brain regions, promote emotional equilibrium, and optimize autonomic nervous system performance.

The identification of the FOXP4 variant marked a turning point in the case formulation, shifting the clinical emphasis toward genomics, mitochondrial assessment, and integrative medicine.

A global drop in amplitude suggests either a disruption in metabolic support—such as mitochondrial failure—or widespread cortical inhibition.

Used responsibly, the qEEG enhances interpretation; used in isolation, it risks misrepresentation.

Small-N designs are particularly powerful when the treatment effect is large and immediate, allowing researchers to infer causality with confidence.

A null result does not always mean that the independent variable (the factor manipulated by the researcher) does not affect on the dependent variable (the outcome being measured).

A comprehensive meta-analysis of 138 studies found that facial feedback does have a statistically significant effect on emotional experience, but the effect is small and highly variable.

The goal of this post is to help you think like a scientist when it comes to evaluating questionable claims.

To support a causal claim, a study must meet three essential criteria: covariance, temporal precedence, and internal validity.

Interrogating association claims means asking three core questions: Were the variables measured well (construct validity)? Can the results be generalized to other populations (external validity)? And is the association statistically strong, significant, and precise (statistical validity)?

The four big validities offer a comprehensive toolkit for evaluating psychological research. Construct validity ensures that variables are accurately measured or manipulated. External validity tells us whether the results generalize. Statistical validity ensures the numbers are trustworthy. Internal validity confirms that cause-and-effect relationships are legitimate.

Association claims are foundational to psychological research because they help us identify variables that are connected and warrant further investigation. While they cannot prove causality, they provide essential groundwork for asking deeper questions.

Understanding how each variable was operationalized helps you evaluate whether results can be compared or generalized. It also helps you decide whether the measure actually reflects the concept you’re interested in.

Acetaminophen excels at treating mild to moderate pain when inflammation isn't a major factor.

A combination of physical activity and dietary change helps cancer patients and survivors reduce weight, body fat, and inflammation—factors linked to cancer progression.

At its core, ADHD is not about lacking attention—it's about struggling to control it.

Women’s faster heart rates are linked to higher expression of genes controlling the sinoatrial node, the heart’s natural pacemaker.

Mitochondria are not merely energy producers but orchestrate complex cellular processes, including gene expression, apoptosis, calcium regulation, communication, and synaptic function, especially in neurons.

Encephalopathy presents with polymorphic delta activity—delta waves that vary in shape and amplitude—over cortical areas.