top of page
BCIA Continuing Education Posts
The BioSource Faculty Explain Peer-Reviewed Science


Interpreting the Raw EEG: Triphasic Waves
Triphasic waves are among the most recognizable and clinically meaningful non-epileptiform EEG patterns encountered in patients with altered mental status.
Fred Shaffer
Oct 7, 202514 min read


Mentor Journal - Week 8
Mentor is the most widely used GPT for biofeedback, HRV biofeedback, and neurofeedback didactic learning.
Fred Shaffer
Oct 3, 20252 min read


Is Very-High-Frequency (VHF) HRV Real or Artifact?
The debate over whether very-high-frequency HRV is physiological or artifactual is not fully settled, but the evidence increasingly points toward a genuine biological origin.
Fred Shaffer
Oct 2, 202510 min read


Dr. Richard Gevirtz's Journey from GSR to Heart Rate Variability
Dr. Gevirtz's journey began in 1964 as an undergraduate psychology major at the University of Wisconsin.
Fred Shaffer
Oct 2, 20259 min read


Spindling Excessive Beta Can Signal Neuroinflammation
Neuroinflammation is an immune process centered in the brain and spinal cord, orchestrated primarily by microglia.
Fred Shaffer
Sep 28, 20258 min read


Neurofeedback for Dyslexia Combined with Evidence-Based Reading Interventions is Efficacious
Neurofeedback combined with reading interventions likely merits a rating of efficacious.

John Davis
Sep 27, 202520 min read


5-Min Science: Theta/Beta Ratio Neurofeedback
This study makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the effects of neurofeedback on ADHD-related brain activity.
Fred Shaffer
Sep 25, 20253 min read


Motivational Interviewing: Bridging Ambivalence and Action
Motivational Interviewing is not a replacement for evidence-based therapies like CBT, but a complement that makes them more effective.

Zachary Meehan
Sep 23, 20255 min read


Patrick Steffen and Travis Anderson Revise The Transactional Model
Steffen and Anderson’s synthesis of recent neuroscience advances proposes a fundamental shift in how we understand stress and coping.
Fred Shaffer
Sep 21, 20253 min read


Lynda Thompson on Neurofeedback and Biofeedback Synergy
A growing body of research and clinical innovation has underscored the need to integrate multiple therapeutic modalities like neurofeedback and biofeedback when working with clients who present with complex psychological and physiological concerns.
Fred Shaffer
Sep 14, 20253 min read


Mentor Journal - Week 5
Mentor is the most widely used GPT for biofeedback, HRV biofeedback, and neurofeedback didactic learning.
Fred Shaffer
Sep 11, 20251 min read


5-Min Science: Does Tylenol Cause Autism?
Autism is not one condition but likely represents "autisms," different biological pathways leading to outwardly similar traits.
Fred Shaffer
Sep 11, 202515 min read


Breaking News: Beta Blockers May Not Help Post-MI Patients
Beta blockers, prescribed routinely after heart attacks for four decades, provide no clinical benefit for patients with uncomplicated myocardial infarction and preserved heart function.
Fred Shaffer
Sep 3, 20254 min read


5-Min Science: Nasal Respiratory Fingerprints
Breathing may serve not only as a marker of psychological traits but potentially as a modulator, aligning with emerging work on respiratory-based therapies for anxiety and depression.
Fred Shaffer
Sep 1, 20258 min read


5-Second Science: Connectome 2.0 Achieves Live Near-Microscopic Brain Imaging
Vivid images reveal individual axons and even cell bodies, while a person is awake and breathing.
Fred Shaffer
Sep 1, 20254 min read


5-Min Science: Deep Sleep Clears Toxic Proteins
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's, and other neurodegenerative conditions involve the accumulation of toxic proteins that the glymphatic system is designed to clear.
Fred Shaffer
Aug 31, 20258 min read


Mentor Journal - Week 3
Mentor is the most widely used GPT for biofeedback, HRV biofeedback, and neurofeedback didactic learning.
Fred Shaffer
Aug 30, 20251 min read


A Second Look at Adult Brain Reorganization After Amputation
Brain maps that had been carved by decades of hand use didn't simply vanish when the physical hand disappeared.
Fred Shaffer
Aug 26, 20258 min read


5-Min Science: Oxytocin - From Moral to Flexibility Molecule
Oxytocin can promote envy, schadenfreude, discrimination, and punishment depending on context.
Fred Shaffer
Aug 25, 202512 min read


A Second Look: Schachter and Singer's Two-Factor Theory of Emotion
Fear, anger, disgust, and sadness often carry partially distinct autonomic fingerprints.
Fred Shaffer
Aug 9, 20259 min read
bottom of page
