BCIA Continuing Education Posts

György Buzsáki argued, with decades of evidence behind him, that brain rhythms are not passive reflections of "brain states" but functional organizing tools that help the brain coordinate large populations of neurons in time.

Connectivity effects were observed only when FB and ILF were delivered together.

Efforts to bolster cognitive abilities during normal ageing may be protective against neurocognitive disorders in older adults.

The brain wasn't just switching between networks. It was circulating through them in a consistent order.

Pacemaker neurons cycle between quiet and active phases on their own, creating brief bursts of action potentials that can set the tempo for larger populations.

John Anderson and John Davis discuss learning processes and mindfulness in neurofeedback.

Neurofeedback combines precise signal measurement with human learning.

A null result does not always mean that the independent variable (the factor manipulated by the researcher) does not affect on the dependent variable (the outcome being measured).

If you record enough EEGs, you eventually meet the benzodiazepine (BZD) signature. The patient looks calm, the tracing looks faster than usual, and the familiar posterior alpha rhythm feels washed out. That impression is not a mirage.

A global drop in amplitude suggests either a disruption in metabolic support—such as mitochondrial failure—or widespread cortical inhibition.

The identification of the FOXP4 variant marked a turning point in the case formulation, shifting the clinical emphasis toward genomics, mitochondrial assessment, and integrative medicine.

We wish clinicians—particularly those interpreting pediatric EEGs—understood that alpha squeaks are normal, age-appropriate findings that reflect an active but immature visual-cortical network.

Triphasic waves are among the most recognizable and clinically meaningful non-epileptiform EEG patterns encountered in patients with altered mental status.

This study makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the effects of neurofeedback on ADHD-related brain activity.

A growing body of research and clinical innovation has underscored the need to integrate multiple therapeutic modalities like neurofeedback and biofeedback when working with clients who present with complex psychological and physiological concerns.

Using a large nationally representative dataset, the researchers found that people hospitalized for TBI were more than twice as likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia or other psychotic conditions than similar individuals without TBI.

Frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA) is not a diagnosis—it’s a clue.

Ben's case exemplifies the core insight of Dr. Swatzyna’s clinician detective model: that not all psychiatric symptoms are psychiatric in origin, and that functional abnormalities in brain activity—detectable on EEG—can signal the presence of invisible, systemic pathology.

All montages compare EEG activity between one or more pairs of electrode sites.

The most pressing clinical issue surrounding fast alpha is its frequent misclassification, particularly when spectral peaks in the 18–19 Hz range are erroneously interpreted as beta spindling, pathological fast activity, or early signs of drug effects.